Injection molding machine
Injection molding machine is also known as injection molding machine or injection machine. It is the main molding equipment that uses plastic molding molds to make plastic products of various shapes from thermoplastics or thermosetting plastics.
It is divided into vertical, horizontal, and all-electric types. The injection molding machine can heat the plastic and apply high pressure to the molten plastic to make it ejected and fill the mold cavity.
Injection molding machines are usually composed of injection system, mold clamping system, hydraulic transmission system, electrical control system, lubrication system, heating and cooling system, safety monitoring system, etc.
Injection system
Function of injection system: injection system is one of the most important components of injection molding machine, generally there are three main forms: plunger type, screw type, screw pre-plastic plunger injection type.
The most widely used one is the screw type. Its function is that in one cycle of the injection molding machine, a certain amount of plastic can be heated and plasticized within a specified time,
and then the molten plastic can be injected into the mold cavity through the screw at a certain pressure and speed. After the injection is completed, the molten material injected into the mold cavity is kept in shape.
Composition of injection system: injection system consists of plasticizing device and power transmission device.
The plasticizing device of screw injection molding machine is mainly composed of feeding device, barrel, screw, glue assembly, and nozzle. The power transmission device includes injection cylinder, injection seat moving cylinder and screw drive device (melt motor).
Mold clamping system
Function of mold clamping system: The function of mold clamping system is to ensure mold closing, opening and ejection of products.
At the same time, after the mold is closed, sufficient clamping force is provided to the mold to resist the mold cavity pressure generated by the molten plastic entering the mold cavity, to prevent the mold from opening and causing the product to be in a bad state.
Composition of mold clamping system: The mold clamping system is mainly composed of mold clamping device, machine twist, mold adjustment mechanism, ejection mechanism, front and rear fixed templates, mobile template, mold clamping cylinder and safety protection mechanism.
Hydraulic system
The function of the hydraulic transmission system is to provide power for various actions required by the process of the injection molding machine and meet the pressure, speed, temperature and other requirements of various parts of the injection molding machine.
It is mainly composed of various hydraulic components and hydraulic auxiliary components, among which the oil pump and motor are the power source of the injection molding machine.
Various valves control the oil pressure and flow rate to meet the various requirements of the injection molding process.
Electrical control
The electrical control system and the hydraulic system are reasonably coordinated to realize the process requirements (pressure, temperature, speed, time) and various program actions of the injection molding machine.
It is mainly composed of electrical appliances, electronic components, instruments (see the lower right figure), heaters, sensors, etc. There are generally four control modes: manual, semi-automatic, fully automatic, and adjustment.
Heating/cooling
The heating system is used to heat the barrel and injection nozzle. The barrel of the injection molding machine generally uses an electric heating coil as a heating device, which is installed on the outside of the barrel and detected in sections with a thermocouple.
Heat is conducted through the barrel wall to provide a heat source for material plasticization; the cooling system is mainly used to cool the oil temperature. Excessive oil temperature will cause a variety of faults, so the oil temperature must be controlled.
Another location that needs cooling is near the discharge port of the material pipe to prevent the raw material from melting at the discharge port, resulting in the failure of the raw material to be discharged normally.
Lubrication system
The lubrication system is a circuit that provides lubrication conditions for the relative moving parts of the injection molding machine, such as the dynamic plate, mold adjustment device, connecting rod hinge, and shooting platform, so as to reduce energy consumption and increase the life of parts. Lubrication can be regular manual lubrication or automatic electric lubrication;
Safety monitoring
The safety device of the injection molding machine is mainly used to protect the safety of people and machines. It is mainly composed of safety doors, safety baffles, hydraulic valves, limit switches, photoelectric detection elements, etc., to achieve electrical-mechanical-hydraulic interlocking protection.
The monitoring system mainly monitors the oil temperature, material temperature, system overload, and process and equipment failures of the injection molding machine, and indicates or alarms when abnormal conditions are found.
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